Software For Api Testing For Mac
- Katalon Studio: Built on the top of Selenium and Appium, Katalon Studio is a free and powerful automated testing tool for Web testing, API testing, and Mobile testing.
- API testing is performed by submitting requests to the software using the application’s programming interface of the application and then checking if it returns the expected data. When automated, API testing can be easily performed on a regular basis.
- Re: Testing Web and Mac Application in MAC OS If you are talking about an iOS application, then yes, you can, as per the link you posted. If you are talking about a native Mac application, ie OSX, then no. TestComplete can't test OSX desktop applications.
Katalon Studio: It is a robust and comprehensive automation tool for API, Web, and mobile testing. Provides easy deployment by including all frameworks, ALM integrations, and plugins in one package. Also, supports both SOAP and REST requests,also supports various types of commands and parameterization functionalities.
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API testing is a type of software testing that involves testing application programming interfaces (APIs) directly and as part of integration testing to determine if they meet expectations for functionality, reliability, performance, and security.[1] Since APIs lack a GUI, API testing is performed at the message layer.[2] API testing is now considered critical for automating testing because APIs now serve as the primary interface to application logic and because GUI tests are difficult to maintain with the short release cycles and frequent changes commonly used with Agile software development and DevOps.[3][4]
API testing overview[edit]
API testing involves testing APIs directly (in isolation) and as part of the end-to-end transactions exercised during integration testing.[1] Beyond RESTful APIs, these transactions include multiple types of endpoints such as web services, ESBs, databases, mainframes, web UIs, and ERPs. API testing is performed on APIs that the development team produces as well as APIs that the team consumes within their application (including third-party APIs).[5]
API testing is used to determine whether APIs return the correct response (in the expected format) for a broad range of feasible requests, react properly to edge cases such as failures and unexpected/extreme inputs, deliver responses in an acceptable amount of time, and respond securely to potential security attacks.[1][4]Service virtualization is used in conjunction with API testing to isolate the services under test as well as expand test environment access by simulating APIs/services that are not accessible for testing.[6]
API testing commonly includes testing REST APIs or SOAPweb services with JSON or XMLmessage payloads being sent over HTTP, HTTPS, JMS, and MQ.[2][7] It can also include message formats such as SWIFT, FIX, EDI and similar fixed-length formats, CSV, ISO 8583 and Protocol Buffers being sent over transports/protocols such as TCP/IP, ISO 8583, MQTT, FIX, RMI, SMTP, TIBCO Rendezvous, and FIX.[8][9]
API testing, GUI testing, and test automation[edit]
API Testing is recognised as being more suitable for test automation and continuous testing (especially the automation used with Agile software development and DevOps) than GUI testing.[3][4] Reasons cited include:
- System complexity: GUI tests can't sufficiently verify functional paths and back-end APIs/services associated with multitier architectures. APIs are considered the most stable interface to the system under test.
- Short release cycles with fast feedback loops: Agile and DevOps teams working with short iterations and fast feedback loops find that GUI tests require considerable rework to keep pace with frequent change. Tests at the API layer are less brittle and easier to maintain.
For these reasons, it is recommended that teams increase their level of API testing while decreasing their reliance on GUI testing. API testing is recommended for the vast majority of test automation efforts and as much edge testing as possible. GUI testing is then reserved for validating typical use cases at the system level, mobile testing, and usability testing.[3][4][10]
Types of API testing[edit]
API testing typically involves the following practices:
- Unit testing - Testing the functionality of individual operations.
- Functional testing - Testing the functionality of broader scenarios, often using unit tests as building blocks for end-to-end tests. Includes test case definition, execution, validation, and regression testing.
- Load testing - Validating functionality and performance under load, often by reusing functional test cases.
- Runtime error detection - Monitoring an application the execution of automated or manual tests to expose problems such as race conditions, exceptions, and resource leaks.
- Security testing - Includes penetration testing and fuzz testing as well as validating authentication, encryption, and access control.
- Web UI testing - Performed as part of end-to-end integration tests that also cover APIs, enables teams to validate GUI items in the context of the larger transaction.
- Interoperability testing - (SOAP only) Checking conformance to Web Services Interoperability profiles.
- WS-* compliance testing - (SOAP only) Checking compliance to WS-* standards such as WS-Addressing, WS-Discovery, WS-Federation, WS-Policy, WS-Security, and WS-Trust.
- Penetration testing - testing a computer system, network or Web application to find vulnerabilities that an attacker could exploit.
- Fuzz-testing - massive amounts of purely random data, sometimes referred to as 'noise' or 'fuzz', is forcibly input into the system in order to attempt a forced crash, overflow, or other negative behavior. This is done to test the API at its absolute limits, and serves somewhat as a 'worst case scenario'.
Software[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abcTesting APIs protects applications and reputations, by Amy Reichert, SearchSoftwareQuality March 2015
- ^ abAll About API Testing: An Interview with Jonathan Cooper, by Cameron Philipp-Edmonds, Stickyminds August 19, 2014
- ^ abcThe Forrester Wave™ Evaluation Of Functional Test Automation (FTA) Is Out And It's All About Going Beyond GUI TestingArchived 2015-05-28 at the Wayback Machine, by Diego Lo Giudice, Forrester April 23, 2015
- ^ abcdProduce Better Software by Using a Layered Testing Strategy, by SEAN Kenefick, Gartner January 7, 2014
- ^Onus for third-party APIs is on enterprise developers, by Amy Reichert, SearchSoftwareQuality July 2014
- ^Accelerate Development with Automated Testing, by Nathan Wilson, Gartner December 30, 2013
- ^A Guidance Framework for Designing a Great Web API, by Eric Knipp and Gary Olliffe , Gartner August 20, 2014
- ^The Fight Against Brittle Scripts and Software Defects, by Adrian Bridgwater, Dr. Dobb's Journal October 26, 2011
- ^How Do We Learn Composite App Testing-Speak?, by Adrian Bridgwater, Dr. Dobb's Journal February 14, 2012
- ^Cohn, Mike (2009). Succeeding with Agile: Software Development Using Scrum. Addison-Wesley Professional. p. 312. ISBN978-0321579362.
Before going to API Testing, let's first understand
What is an API?
API (Full form Application Programming Interface) enables communication and data exchange between two separate software systems. A software system implementing an API contains functions/sub-routines which can be executed by another software system.
What is API Testing?
API TESTING is a software testing type that validates Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). The purpose of API Testing is to check the functionality, reliability, performance, and security of the programming interfaces. In API Testing, instead of using standard user inputs(keyboard) and outputs, you use software to send calls to the API, get output, and note down the system's response. API tests are very different from GUI Tests and won't concentrate on the look and feel of an application. It mainly concentrates on the business logic layer of the software architecture.
API Testing requires an application that can be interacted via an API. In order to test an API, you will need to
- Use Testing Tool to drive the API
- Write your own code to test the API
In this tutorial, you will learn more about-
Set-up of API Test environment
- API Testing is different than other software testing types as GUI is not available, and yet you are required to setup initial environment that invokes API with a required set of parameters and then finally examines the test result.
- Hence, Setting up a testing environment for API testing seems a little complex.
- Database and server should be configured as per the application requirements.
- Once the installation is done, the API Function should be called to check whether that API is working.
Types of Output of an API
An output of API could be
- Any type of data
- Status (say Pass or Fail)
- Call another API function.
Let's look at an example of each of the above Types
Any Type of Data
Example: There is an API function which should add two integer numbers.
The numbers have to be given as input parameters. The output should be a summation of two integer numbers. This output needs to be verified with an expected outcome.
Calling needs to be done such as
Exceptions have to be handled if the number is exceeding the integer limit.
Status (say Pass or Fail)
Consider the below API function -
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- Lock()
- Unlock()
- Delete()
They return any value such as True (in case of success) or false (In case of error) as an output.
A more accurate Test Case would be, can call the functions in any of the scripts and later check for changes either in the database or the Application GUI.
Calling of another API / Event
In this case, we call one of the API function which in turn will call another function.
For example - First API function can be used for deleting a specified record in the table and this function, in turn, calls another function to REFRESH the database.
Test Cases for API Testing:
Test cases of API testing are based on
- Return value based on input condition: it is relatively easy to test, as input can be defined and results can be authenticated
- Does not return anything: When there is no return value, a behavior of API on the system to be checked
- Trigger some other API/event/interrupt: If an output of an API triggers some event or interrupt, then those events and interrupt listeners should be tracked
- Update data structure: Updating data structure will have some outcome or effect on the system, and that should be authenticated
- Modify certain resources: If API call modifies some resources then it should be validated by accessing respective resources
Approach of API Testing:
Following points helps the user to do API Testing approach:
- Understanding the functionality of the API program and clearly define the scope of the program
- Apply testing techniques such as equivalence classes, boundary value analysis, and error guessing and write test cases for the API
- Input Parameters for the API need to be planned and defined appropriately
- Execute the test cases and compare expected and actual results.
Difference between API testing and Unit testing
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Web Api Testing
How to do API Testing
API testing should cover at least following testing methods apart from usual SDLC process
- Discovery testing: The test group should manually execute the set of calls documented in the API like verifying that a specific resource exposed by the API can be listed, created and deleted as appropriate
- Usability testing: This testing verifies whether the API is functional and user-friendly. And does API integrates well with another platform as well
- Security testing: This testing includes what type of authentication is required and whether sensitive data is encrypted over HTTP or both
- Automated testing: API testing should culminate in the creation of a set of scripts or a tool that can be used to execute the API regularly
- Documentation: The test team has to make sure that the documentation is adequate and provides enough information to interact with the API. Documentation should be a part of the final deliverable
Best Practices of API Testing:
- Test cases should be grouped by test category
- On top of each test, you should include the declarations of the APIs being called.
- Parameters selection should be explicitly mentioned in the test case itself
- Prioritize API function calls so that it will be easy for testers to test
- Each test case should be as self-contained and independent from dependencies as possible
- Avoid 'test chaining' in your development
- Special care must be taken while handling one-time call functions like - Delete, CloseWindow, etc..
- Call sequencing should be performed and well planned
- To ensure complete test coverage, create test cases for all possible input combinations of the API.
Types of Bugs that API testing detects
- Fails to handle error conditions gracefully
- Unused flags
- Missing or duplicate functionality
- Reliability Issues. Difficulty in connecting and getting a response from API.
- Security Issues
- Multi-threading issues
- Performance Issues. API response time is very high.
- Improper errors/warning to a caller
- Incorrect handling of valid argument values
- Response Data is not structured correctly (JSON or XML)
Tools for API testing
Since API and Unit Testing both target source code, tools/frameworks can be used for their automation.
Software For Api Testing
- Runscope
- Postman
- Curl
- Cfix
- Check
- CTESK
- dotTEST
- Eclipse SDK tool- Automated API testing
Check out top API Testing Tools List
Challenges of API Testing
Challenges of API testing includes:
- Main challenges in Web API testing is Parameter Combination, Parameter Selection, and Call Sequencing
- There is no GUI available to test the application which makes difficult to give input values
- Validating and Verifying the output in a different system is little difficult for testers
- Parameters selection and categorization is required to be known to the testers
- Exception handling function needs to be tested
- Coding knowledge is necessary for testers
Conclusion:
Sample Api For Testing
API consists of a set of classes/functions/procedures which represent the business logic layer. If API is not tested properly, it may cause problems not only the API application but also in the calling application. It is an indispensable test in software engineering.